Who's inside
Who is buried in the Panthéon
More than eighty names, from Voltaire in 1791 to Marc and Simonne Bloch in 2026 — everyone in the crypt, in the order they entered.
See current listings on Viator ↗Everyone in the crypt, in the order they entered
| Name | Entered | Known for |
|---|---|---|
| Voltaire | 1791 | Writer and philosopher |
| Jean-Jacques Rousseau | 1794 | Writer and philosopher |
| François Denis Tronchet | 1806 | Politician and lawyer |
| Claude-Louis Petiet | 1806 | Politician |
| Jean-Étienne-Marie Portalis | 1807 | Politician |
| Louis-Pierre-Pantaléon Resnier | 1807 | Politician |
| Jean-Baptiste-Pierre Bevière | 1807 | Politician |
| François Barthélemy, comte Beguinot | 1808 | Military officer |
| Pierre Jean Georges Cabanis | 1808 | Scientist and philosopher |
| Gabriel-Louis, marquis de Caulaincourt | 1808 | Military officer |
| Jean-Frédéric Perregaux | 1808 | Banker |
| Antoine-César de Choiseul, duc de Praslin | 1808 | Military officer and politician |
| Jean-Pierre Firmin Malher | 1808 | Military officer (heart) |
| Jean Baptiste Papin, comte de Saint-Christau | 1809 | Politician and lawyer |
| Joseph-Marie Vien | 1809 | Painter |
| Pierre Garnier de Laboissière | 1809 | Military officer |
| Jean Pierre, comte Sers | 1809 | Politician (heart) |
| Girolamo Luigi Durazzo | 1809 | Politician (heart) |
| Justin Bonaventure Morard de Galles | 1809 | Military officer (heart) |
| Emmanuel Crétet de Champmol | 1809 | Politician |
| Louis Charles Vincent Le Blond de Saint-Hilaire | 1810 | Military officer |
| Jean-Baptiste Treilhard | 1810 | Lawyer |
| Jean Lannes de Montebello | 1810 | Military officer |
| Charles Pierre Claret de Fleurieu | 1810 | Politician |
| Louis Antoine de Bougainville | 1811 | Navigator |
| Cardinal Charles Erskine | 1811 | Clergyman |
| Alexandre-Antoine Hureau de Sénarmont | 1811 | Military officer (heart) |
| Nicolas Marie Songis des Courbons | 1811 | Military officer |
| Michel Ordener, 1st Count Ordener | 1811 | Military officer |
| Jean Marie Pierre Dorsenne | 1812 | Military officer |
| Jan Willem de Winter | 1812 | Military officer |
| Hyacinthe-Hugues-Timoléon de Cossé, Comte de Brissac | 1813 | Military officer |
| Jean-Ignace Jacqueminot, Comte de Ham | 1813 | Lawyer |
| Joseph-Louis Lagrange | 1813 | Mathematician |
| Jean Rousseau | 1813 | Politician |
| Justin de Viry | 1813 | Politician |
| Frédéric Henri Walther | 1814 | Military officer |
| Jean-Nicolas Démeunier | 1814 | Politician |
| Jean-Louis-Ébénézer Reynier | 1814 | Military officer |
| Claude Ambroise Régnier de Massa di Carrara | 1814 | Politician and lawyer |
| Antoine-Jean-Marie Thévenard | 1815 | Military officer |
| Claude-Juste-Alexandre Legrand | 1815 | Military officer |
| Jacques-Germain Soufflot | 1829 | Architect of the Panthéon |
| Victor Hugo | 1885 | Writer |
| Lazare Carnot | 1889 | Politician and scientist |
| Jean-Baptiste Baudin | 1889 | Politician and doctor |
| Théophile Corret de la Tour d'Auvergne | 1889 | Military officer |
| François Séverin Marceau | 1889 | Military officer |
| Marie François Sadi Carnot | 1894 | President of France |
| Marcellin Berthelot | 1907 | Scientist |
| Sophie Berthelot | 1907 | Wife of Marcellin Berthelot |
| Émile Zola | 1908 | Writer |
| Léon Gambetta | 1920 | Politician (heart) |
| Jean Jaurès | 1924 | Politician |
| Paul Painlevé | 1933 | Mathematician and politician |
| Paul Langevin | 1948 | Scientist |
| Jean Perrin | 1948 | Physicist, Nobel laureate |
| Victor Schœlcher | 1949 | Abolitionist |
| Marc Schœlcher | 1949 | Father of Victor Schœlcher |
| Félix Éboué | 1949 | Politician |
| Louis Braille | 1952 | Educator |
| Jean Moulin | 1964 | Resistance member |
| René Cassin | 1987 | Jurist and human rights activist, Nobel Peace Prize |
| Jean Monnet | 1988 | Economist |
| Abbé Henri Grégoire | 1989 | Clergyman |
| Gaspard Monge | 1989 | Mathematician |
| Nicolas de Condorcet | 1989 | Politician (symbolic coffin) |
| Pierre Curie | 1995 | Physicist, Nobel laureate |
| Marie Curie | 1995 | Physicist and chemist, two Nobel Prizes; first woman honoured on her own merit |
| André Malraux | 1996 | Writer and politician |
| Alexandre Dumas | 2002 | Writer |
| Jean Zay | 2015 | Politician |
| Pierre Brossolette | 2015 | Resistance member |
| Germaine Tillion | 2015 | Resistance member (symbolic coffin) |
| Geneviève de Gaulle-Anthonioz | 2015 | Resistance member (symbolic coffin) |
| Simone Veil | 2018 | Politician, Holocaust survivor |
| Antoine Veil | 2018 | Husband of Simone Veil |
| Maurice Genevoix | 2020 | Writer |
| Joséphine Baker | 2021 | Resistance member, entertainer, civil rights activist (symbolic coffin) |
| Missak Manouchian | 2024 | Resistance fighter |
| Mélinée Manouchian | 2024 | Wife of Missak Manouchian |
| Robert Badinter | 2025 | Justice minister who abolished the death penalty (symbolic coffin) |
| Marc Bloch | 2026 | Historian and resistance fighter (symbolic coffin) |
| Simonne Bloch | 2026 | Wife of Marc Bloch (symbolic coffin) |
Voltaire and Rousseau, facing each other
Voltaire went in first, in 1791, the year the building became a mausoleum. Rousseau followed in 1794. The two argued bitterly about religion and society for most of their adult lives, and their tombs now face each other in the crypt's entrance chamber, where Soufflot, the building's architect, also lies.
Names that left again
The very first person honoured, in April 1791, was the revolutionary Mirabeau, but his remains were removed a few years later. Jean-Paul Marat and Louis-Michel Le Peletier were also taken out during the Revolution, which is why the crypt's earliest permanent residents are the two philosophers.
Napoleon's crypt
Under Napoleon, forty-one people were placed here, mostly officers, senators and senior office-holders of the Empire, along with the navigator Bougainville, the painter Joseph-Marie Vien and the mathematician Joseph-Louis Lagrange. They make up a large share of the list, and of the chambers.
The writers: Hugo, Zola, Dumas, Malraux, Genevoix
Victor Hugo was buried here in 1885 and Émile Zola followed in 1908; Alexandre Dumas joined them in 2002, and the three share one chamber. André Malraux entered in 1996, twenty years after his death, and Maurice Genevoix in 2020.
The scientists
Lagrange arrived in 1813 and Gaspard Monge in 1989. Marcellin Berthelot entered in 1907 with his wife Sophie, Paul Painlevé in 1933, Paul Langevin and Jean Perrin together in 1948. Marie Curie came in 1995 with Pierre Curie — the first woman honoured here on her own merit.
Resistance and rights
The abolitionist Victor Schœlcher and Félix Éboué entered in 1949, Jean Moulin in 1964, René Cassin in 1987. Four Resistance figures — Jean Zay, Pierre Brossolette, Germaine Tillion and Geneviève de Gaulle-Anthonioz — followed in 2015, Simone Veil and her husband Antoine in 2018, Joséphine Baker in 2021, and Missak and Mélinée Manouchian on 21 February 2024, eighty years to the day after Missak's execution.
The most recent arrivals
Robert Badinter, who abolished the death penalty as justice minister, was honoured on 9 October 2025, the anniversary of the 1981 abolition law. Historian and resistance fighter Marc Bloch, shot by the Gestapo in 1944, followed with his wife Simonne on 23 June 2026. All three coffins are symbolic: the remains themselves lie elsewhere.
Honoured by inscription, not burial
A few names are carved on the walls rather than buried in the crypt: Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, whose body was never found, since 1967; Toussaint Louverture and Louis Delgrès since 1998; and Aimé Césaire, buried in Martinique, since 2011.
How a name gets added
In modern practice the decision rests with the President of the Republic, and it happens rarely. Families can decline to move the body itself, which is why several recent honourees — Germaine Tillion, Geneviève de Gaulle-Anthonioz, Joséphine Baker, Robert Badinter — are represented by symbolic coffins.